-- Core –

✔

Define and use the terms normal, angle of incidence and angle of reflection.

Describe the formation of an optical image by a plane mirror and give its characteristics, i.e. same size, same distance from mirror, virtual.

State that for reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection; recall and use this relationship.

Define and use the terms normal, angle of incidence and angle of refraction.

Describe an experiment to show refraction of light by transparent blocks of different shapes.

Describe the passage of light through a transparent material (limited to the boundaries between two mediums only).

State the meaning of critical angle.

Describe internal reflection and total internal reflection using both experimental and everyday examples.

Describe the action of thin converging and thin diverging lenses on a parallel beam of light.

Define and use the terms focal length, principal axis and principal focus (focal point).

Draw and use ray diagrams for the formation of a real image by a converging lens.

Describe the characteristics of an image using the terms enlarged/same size/diminished, upright/inverted and real/virtual.

Know that a virtual image is formed when diverging rays are extrapolated backwards and does not form a visible projection on a screen.

Describe the dispersion of light as illustrated by the refraction of white light by a glass prism.

Know the traditional seven colours of the visible spectrum in order of frequency and in order of wavelength.

-- Extended –

✔

Use simple constructions, measurements and calculations for reflection by plane mirrors.

Define refractive index, n, as the ratio of the speeds of a wave in two different regions.

Recall and use the equation n = sin i / sin r

Recall and use the equation n = 1 / sin c

Describe the use of optical fibres, particularly in telecommunications

Draw and use ray diagrams for the formation of a virtual image by a converging lens

Describe the use of a single lens as a magnifying glass

Describe the use of converging and diverging lenses to correct long-sightedness and short-sightedness

Recall that visible light of a single frequency is described as monochromatic